Простой бекап ubuntu без установки лишних программ
tar -cvpzf backup.tar.gz —exclude=backup.tar.gz —exclude=/usr/share/fonts —exclude=/usr/share/locale —exclude=/usr/share/man —exclude=/usr/share/doc —exclude=/usr/lib —exclude=/var/cache —one-file-system /
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BackupYourSystem/TAR
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BackupYourSystem